Apart from these farm wastes, manure debris, soil erosion containing inorganic. Modern agriculture practices pollute the soil to a large extent. Krishna and govil in 2004 collected soil samples from the pali industrial area, present in the western state of rajasthan. Contamination of soil with pollutants like insecticides, artificial fertilizers and industrial. Springer nature is committed to supporting the global response to emerging outbreaks by enabling fast and direct access to. A major source of water pollution is fertilizer used in agriculture. Jan 31, 2014 some of the most important sources of land or soil pollution are. Environmental protection agencies indicate that the effects can even be more devastating if wastes in landfills are not separated into reusable, recyclable, or organic waste. Soil contamination has severely increased over the last years, especially due to petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals and pesticides from industrial wastes and human activities. The effect of crude oil pollution of soil on the growth of plants and uptake of nutrients was investigated by growing corn zea mays l. Industrial activity, improper disposal of waste and agricultural chemicals cause soil pollution. Apart from these farm wastes, manure debris, soil erosion containing inorganic chemicals are causing soil pollution. It also reduces the rivers fishery, resulting in less food for the local community. Polluted soil can harm humans by making contact with the soil or consuming vegetation produce from contaminated soils.
Project on soil pollution pdf soil pollution is defined as the buildup in soils of persistent toxic compounds, chemicals. It is a serious environmental concern since it harbours many health hazards. Soil pollution is the decrease in the productivity of soil due to the presence of soil pollutants. The intergovernmental technical panel on soils itps under the global soil partnership gsp has formalized definitions of the two terms fao and itps, 2015. Soil pollution refers to the contamination of soil with anomalous concentrations of toxic substances. Three corn crops were raised in succession, each for a period of 6 weeks, in the same soil. Rajesh kumar mishra, tropical forest research institute. Soil pollution control technologies your article library. Once the pervasiveness, the effects and the consequences of soil pollution are widely known, people will have to work toward finding solutions and restoring pure soils wherever possible.
Environment pollution is a widereaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human populations is great. This pollution makes the river dangerous to use as a source of water for drinking or hygiene. Notes on soil pollution home environmental pollution. Soil contaminants are spilled onto the surface through many different activities.
For example, exposure to soil containing high concentrations of benzene increases the risk of contracting leukaemia. Healthy, productive and pure soil is essential to a healthy ecosystem and an environmentally sound social system. It may be the result of air or water pollution settling into topsoil, or it may stem from the intentional burial of toxic substances in an attempt to mitigate their harmful effects. Summary and conclusion 181 chapter 8 summary and conclusion 8. Along with air and water pollution, soil pollution is an equally serious issue that the modernday world is confronted with. One of the main causes of land and soil pollution is the growing quantity of domestic and municipal wastes. The levels of the crude oil application varied from 0 to 10. Soil pollution causes and effects that are seriously eyeopening. Environmental protection agency washington, dc 20460. The book covers organic, inorganic and nanoparticle pollutants.
Similar strategies are also followed at an international level. Soil pollution is defined as the buildup in soils of persistent toxic compounds, chemicals, salts, radioactive materials, or disease causing agents, which have adverse effects on plant growth and animal health. Mark hodson, soil pollution and its impact on soil life 34 summary pollutants are generated by all sorts of human activities soil pollution is a wide spread problem pollutants have to be bioavailable to cause harm impacts occurs from the molecular to ecosystem scale quantification is by controlled testing and comparisons. Pesticides and herbicides contaminates, leakages in sewage systems, direct discharge of industrial wastes, contaminates the soil. Jul, 2010 the presented study deals with the interpretation of soil quality monitoring data using hierarchical cluster analysis hca and principal components analysis pca. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 2.
Soil pollution causes and effects that are seriously eye. Hence, it is important to know how to prevent soil pollution, so that small measures taken by each individual will go a long way. It then looks at the causes of soil pollution, making the distinction between agricultural activities, industrial activities, and urbanization. Soil contamination or soil pollution as part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotics humanmade chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. Today huge quantities of fertilizers, pesticides, weedicides are added to increase the crop field.
Pollution from agricultural activities stems primarily from the excessive amounts of pesticides and fertilizers used on farmland, and is mainly located in the south, where most of the food is produced. If it harms living organisms, its called pollution. According to the characteristics of soil pollution analysis in eia about standard. Use of bioresources for remediation of soil pollution sharmistha pal1, ashok k. Soil pollution definition, causes, types, effects, and. Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Component % organic mineral matter 45 organic matter 05 soil water 25 soil air 25 types, effects and sources of soil pollution soil pollution mainly occurs due to the following.
World soil day is annually held on december 5 to highlight soils importance on earth. The conquest of utilizing land and soil resources and conducting experiments on it for our benefits is one major reason for soil pollution. Soil pollution is the contamination of soil withharmful substances that can adversely affectthe quality of the soil and the health of thoseliving on it. The changzhou soil pollution case is far from over china. A soil pollution law is being written and a draft may be published this year. Geological survey, by national research council water science and technology board page images at nap items below if any are from related and broader terms. Soil pollution definition, causes, types, effects, and control. The term soil contamination has frequently been used as a synonym for soil pollution. The conquest of utilizing land and soil resources and conducting experiments on. Soil is the thin layer of organic and inorganic materials that covers the earths.
Soil pollution types, effects, sources and control of soil. The book covers organic, inorganic and nanoparticle pollutants and methodologies for their monitoring. Soil is a very specific component of the biosphere as it is a natural geochemical sink for contaminants and acts as a natural buffer controlling. I hope that, in this new edition, the book may continue to serve the needs of students and professionals alike interested in the subject of soil pollution. The study has been carried out by conducting shortterm surface water otamiri and nwaore rivers and land pollution survey of owerri urban area and en virons, imo state, in order to establish. The presented study deals with the interpretation of soil quality monitoring data using hierarchical cluster analysis hca and principal components analysis pca. Chinas soil pollution crisis still buried in mystery.
Soil pollutants include a large variety of contaminants or chemicals organic and inorganic, which could be both naturallyoccurring in soil and manmade. Soil erosion it occurs when top soil movesfrom one place to another as aresult of various natural andmanmade factors. From monitoring to remediation provides comprehensive information on soil pollution, including causes, distribution, transport, the transformation and fate of pollutants in soil, and metabolite accumulation. This chapter overviews the main aspects of soil contamination and demonstrates the main causes and types of soil pollution such as waste disposal, mining, agrochemicals, industry, and atmospheric deposition.
Soil contamination is in europe as a widespread problem of varying intensity and. Any substance that adversely affects the productivity of soil is called a soil pollutant. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. When concentration of chemicals, nutrients or elements in soil become more than normal levels due to human action is said to be soil contamination. Soil pollution soil pollution is defined as, contamination of soil by human and natural activities which may cause harmful effect on living organisms. It is typically caused by industrial activity, agricultural chemicals or improper disposal of waste. Pesticides, radioactive waste, hydrocarbons, organic waste, lead and heavy metals can all cause soil. Soil pollution is the introduction of substances or biological organisms, into the soil, resulting in a change of the soil quality this affects the normal use of the soil or endangering public health and the living environment. Soil pollution is when humans introduce harmful objects, chemicals or substances, directly or indirectly into the soil in a way that causes harm to other living things or destroys soil or water ecosystems. Despite the recent release of data on soil pollution, we are far from having the complete picture, argue angel hsu and andrew moffatt. Causes and distribution of soil pollution in china in. The contamination or degradation of soils impacts heavily on the health of plants. Both statistical methods contributed to the correct data classification and projection. Mark hodson, soil pollution and its impact on soil life 34 summary pollutants are generated by all sorts of human activities soil pollution is a wide spread problem pollutants have to be bioavailable to cause harm impacts occurs from the molecular to ecosystem.
Use of bioresources for remediation of soil pollution. In japan, rice is the main cd source and 4,816 ha of paddy fields have been designated as the contaminated land under the agricultural land soil pollution prevention and others law. This chapter overviews the main aspects of soil contamination and demonstrates the main causes and types of soil pollution such as waste disposal, mining. The fate of pollutants in soil when chemical concentrations present a risk for human health or the environment, the directive calls on member states to remediate the polluted lands, with the aim of removing, controlling, edging or reducing the pollutants. Springer nature is committed to supporting the global response to emerging outbreaks by enabling fast and direct access to the latest available research, evidence, and data. Liu jinmei thinks this would be valuable if it clarifies the thorny issue of assigning responsibility. Where is soil pollution at its worse, what pollutants are being found and what are the health impacts.
Fertilizer is material added to soil to make plants grow larger and faster. Some of the most important sources of land or soil pollution are. Journal of environmental quality abstract the effect of. Impacts on human health over 200 years of industrialisation have caused soil contamination to be a widespread problem in europe. Soil pollution or soil contamination occurs when there are high concentrations of toxic chemicals, contaminants or pollutants in the soil.
Soil pollution types, effects, sources and control of soil pollution soil pollution soil pollution is defined as, contamination of soil by human and natural activities which may cause harmful effect on living organisms. Soil and vapor sampling for soil contamination monitoring. Environmental impact assessment on soil pollution issue about human health zaware sandeep gangadhar department of chemistry, pacific academy of higher education and research university, udaipur, raj. The most common chemicals involved in causing soil pollution are. Study finds that these kinds of pollutions are not only seriously affecting the human by diseases and problems but also the animals and trees plants. Hence, it is important to know how to prevent soil pollution, so that small measures taken by each individual will go a long way in protecting the soil and in turn protecting the earth. Soil contamination interpretation by the use of monitoring. Patra2, sah kausar reza3, walter wildi4, john pote4 1central soil and water conservation research and training institute, research centre, madhya marg, india. Cadmium is adsorbed by soil and remains there for a long period.
An international journal of environmental pollution. Jun 03, 20 definition of soil pollution cause of soil pollution effects of soil pollution preventions of soil pollution laws of soil pollution examples of soil pollution 3. Youre seeing our new journal sites and wed like your opinion, please send feedback. Water, air, and soil pollution water air soil pollut. Soil pollution types, effects, sources and control of. The pollution of land has calamitous consequences especially concerning the survival of animals and humans and the quality of soil and water.
Often we do not realize, but we are also contributing to soil pollution. Environmental impact assessment on soil pollution issue about. Component % organic mineral matter 45 organic matter 05 soil water 25 soil air 25. Decision makers, scientists, businesses and individual citizens generally accept and understand that air and water pollution can. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Soil contamination list of high impact articles ppts. Therefore, due to the combination of all the abovementioned issues, the soil pollution becomes a hot topic.
If you would like to see what types of details you know about soil pollution, be sure to use the worksheet and quiz. Humans are also affected in numerous ways either directly or indirectly. Environmental impact assessment on soil pollution issue. Environmental protection agencies indicate that the effects can even be more devastating if wastes in landfills are not separated into reusable, recyclable, or organic. The changzhou soil pollution case is far from over. Their data revealed that the soil in the study area is significantly contaminated with high concentrations of heavy elements like pb, cr, cu, zn, sr and v. This paper provides the insight view about the affects of environment pollution in the perspective of air pollution, water and land soil waste pollution on human by diseases and problems, animals and trees plants.
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